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Automatizando (ainda mais) a instalação de pacotes via apt-get

2 de dezembro de 2008, 8:17

Instalar pacotes via o famoso apt-get realmente é uma facilidade imensa. Porém, as vezes instalamos uma distro no nosso HD novo, ou no computador do vizinho, e nos colocamos a lembrar quais os pacotes devemos instalar. Como todo programador preguiçoso, procurei uma maneira de automatizar esta tarefa e um jeito simples que encontrei foi fazer um script que lê um arquivo que contém nomes de pacotes, instalando no sistema somente os pacotes que ainda não estão instalados, ou também os reinstalando, caso seja desejado.

A utilização é muito simples, por exemplo:

Arquivo packs.txt

xfce4-panel-dbg
xfce4-panel-dev
xfce4-places-plugin
xfce4-radio-plugin
xfce4-screenshooter-plugin
xfce4-sensors-plugin

$ sudo ./install_pkg.sh packs.txt

O script:

Shell iconBaixar script

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#!/bin/sh
#
# install_pkg - Easy way to install packages on debian systems
#
# Author: Renê de Souza Pinto
# Date:   January / 2008
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
# of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
#
 
APTPAR=""
PFILE="";
INSTALL="";
REINSTALL="";
 
if [ "$#" -lt 1 ]; then
	echo "install_pkg - Easy way to install packages on debian systems"
	echo
	echo "Use:"
	echo "      $0 [-r] <package_file>"
	echo
	echo "      <package_file>   = Where <package_file> is a file with the packages that will be installed (listed by name)."
	echo "                         Packages already installed will NOT be re-installed."
	echo "      -r               = Install all packages from <package_file> (even for already installed packages)"
	echo
	exit 0;
else
	if [ "$1" = "-r" ]; then
		APTPAR="--reinstall";
		if [ -z "$2" ]; then
			echo "Please, provide a package file: $0 -r <package_file>"
			echo
			exit 0;
		else
			PFILE=$2;
		fi
	else
		PFILE=$1;
	fi
fi
 
# Check packages file
if [ ! -f "$PFILE" ]; then 
	echo "Cannot access $PFILE"
	echo
	exit 0;
fi
 
# Proccessing packages
echo
echo -n "Proccessing package file..."
 
packs=`mktemp`
dpkg -l > $packs
for pkg in `cat $PFILE`; do
 
	if [ "$(cat $packs | grep $pkg 2> /dev/null | tail -1 | cut -d' ' -f1)" = "ii" ]; then
 
		if [ -n "$APTPAR" ]; then
			REINSTALL="$REINSTALL $pkg"
		fi
	else
		INSTALL="$INSTALL $pkg";
	fi
 
done
rm $packs
 
echo -e "[ \033[32mDONE\033[0m ]"
echo
 
# Execute apt commands
if [ -n "$REINSTALL" ]; then
	apt-get install --reinstall $REINSTALL
fi
if [ -n "$INSTALL" ]; then
	apt-get install $INSTALL
fi
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